U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Cryoglobulinemia

MedGen UID:
3673
•Concept ID:
C0010403
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Cryoglobulinemias
SNOMED CT: Cryoglobulinemia (30911005); Cryoimmunoglobulinemia (30911005)
 
HPO: HP:0100778
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005576

Definition

Increased level of cryoglobulins in the blood. Cryoglobulins are abnormal immunoglobulins, especially IGG or IGM, that precipitate spontaneously when serum is cooled below 37 degrees Celsius. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVCryoglobulinemia

Conditions with this feature

Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
MedGen UID:
343814
•Concept ID:
C1852456
•
Disease or Syndrome
A rare immune complex-mediated vasculitis characterized by the presence of circulating cryoprecipitable immune complexes in the serum, manifesting clinically with the classical triad of purpura, weakness and arthralgia.
See: Condition Record
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Recent updates in the diagnosis and management of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis.
Treppo E, Quartuccio L, De Vita S
Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2023 Jul-Dec;19(12):1457-1467. Epub 2023 Sep 12 doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2023.2249609. PMID: 37698547
Management of mixed cryoglobulinemia with rituximab: evidence and consensus-based recommendations from the Italian Study Group of Cryoglobulinemia (GISC).
Quartuccio L, Bortoluzzi A, Scirè CA, Marangoni A, Del Frate G, Treppo E, Castelnovo L, Saccardo F, Zani R, Candela M, Fraticelli P, Mazzaro C, Renoldi P, Scaini P, Filippini DA, Visentini M, Scarpato S, Giuggioli D, Mascia MT, Sebastiani M, Zignego AL, Lauletta G, Fiorilli M, Casato M, Ferri C, Pietrogrande M, Pioltelli PE, De Vita S, Monti G, Galli M
Clin Rheumatol 2023 Feb;42(2):359-370. Epub 2022 Sep 28 doi: 10.1007/s10067-022-06391-w. PMID: 36169798Free PMC Article
IgM monoclonal gammopathies of clinical significance: diagnosis and management.
Khwaja J, D'Sa S, Minnema MC, Kersten MJ, Wechalekar A, Vos JM
Haematologica 2022 Sep 1;107(9):2037-2050. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2022.280953. PMID: 35770530Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Management of mixed cryoglobulinemia with rituximab: evidence and consensus-based recommendations from the Italian Study Group of Cryoglobulinemia (GISC).
Quartuccio L, Bortoluzzi A, Scirè CA, Marangoni A, Del Frate G, Treppo E, Castelnovo L, Saccardo F, Zani R, Candela M, Fraticelli P, Mazzaro C, Renoldi P, Scaini P, Filippini DA, Visentini M, Scarpato S, Giuggioli D, Mascia MT, Sebastiani M, Zignego AL, Lauletta G, Fiorilli M, Casato M, Ferri C, Pietrogrande M, Pioltelli PE, De Vita S, Monti G, Galli M
Clin Rheumatol 2023 Feb;42(2):359-370. Epub 2022 Sep 28 doi: 10.1007/s10067-022-06391-w. PMID: 36169798Free PMC Article
The wide spectrum of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and an overview of therapeutic advancements.
Dammacco F, Lauletta G, Vacca A
Clin Exp Med 2023 Jun;23(2):255-272. Epub 2022 Mar 28 doi: 10.1007/s10238-022-00808-1. PMID: 35348938Free PMC Article
Cryoglobulinemia: An update in 2019.
Desbois AC, Cacoub P, Saadoun D
Joint Bone Spine 2019 Nov;86(6):707-713. Epub 2019 Feb 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2019.01.016. PMID: 30731128
Cryoglobulinemia Vasculitis.
Cacoub P, Comarmond C, Domont F, Savey L, Saadoun D
Am J Med 2015 Sep;128(9):950-5. Epub 2015 Mar 30 doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.02.017. PMID: 25837517
Cryofibrinogenemia.
Michaud M, Pourrat J
J Clin Rheumatol 2013 Apr;19(3):142-8. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0b013e318289e06e. PMID: 23519183

Diagnosis

Cryoglobulinemia.
Retamozo S, Quartuccio L, Ramos-Casals M
Med Clin (Barc) 2022 May 27;158(10):478-487. Epub 2022 Feb 22 doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2021.11.017. PMID: 35216803
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis: pathophysiological mechanisms and diagnosis.
Kolopp-Sarda MN, Miossec P
Curr Opin Rheumatol 2021 Jan;33(1):1-7. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000757. PMID: 33186245
New insights in cryoglobulinemic vasculitis.
Silva F, Pinto C, Barbosa A, Borges T, Dias C, Almeida J
J Autoimmun 2019 Dec;105:102313. Epub 2019 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102313. PMID: 31383568
Cryoglobulinemia: An update in 2019.
Desbois AC, Cacoub P, Saadoun D
Joint Bone Spine 2019 Nov;86(6):707-713. Epub 2019 Feb 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2019.01.016. PMID: 30731128
Acute hyperviscosity: syndromes and management.
Gertz MA
Blood 2018 Sep 27;132(13):1379-1385. Epub 2018 Aug 13 doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-06-846816. PMID: 30104220Free PMC Article

Therapy

Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis: a 2023 update.
Moretti M, Ferro F, Baldini C, Mosca M, Talarico R
Curr Opin Rheumatol 2024 Jan 1;36(1):27-34. Epub 2023 Nov 1 doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000989. PMID: 37916482
Recent updates in the diagnosis and management of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis.
Treppo E, Quartuccio L, De Vita S
Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2023 Jul-Dec;19(12):1457-1467. Epub 2023 Sep 12 doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2023.2249609. PMID: 37698547
Cryoglobulinemia.
Retamozo S, Quartuccio L, Ramos-Casals M
Med Clin (Barc) 2022 May 27;158(10):478-487. Epub 2022 Feb 22 doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2021.11.017. PMID: 35216803
New insights in cryoglobulinemic vasculitis.
Silva F, Pinto C, Barbosa A, Borges T, Dias C, Almeida J
J Autoimmun 2019 Dec;105:102313. Epub 2019 Aug 2 doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102313. PMID: 31383568
Cryoglobulinaemia.
Roccatello D, Saadoun D, Ramos-Casals M, Tzioufas AG, Fervenza FC, Cacoub P, Zignego AL, Ferri C
Nat Rev Dis Primers 2018 Aug 2;4(1):11. doi: 10.1038/s41572-018-0009-4. PMID: 30072738

Prognosis

Liver Disease-Associated Glomerulopathies.
Kanduri SR, Peleg Y, Wadhwani S
Adv Kidney Dis Health 2024 Mar;31(2):147-156. doi: 10.1053/j.akdh.2023.11.002. PMID: 38649219
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis: a 2023 update.
Moretti M, Ferro F, Baldini C, Mosca M, Talarico R
Curr Opin Rheumatol 2024 Jan 1;36(1):27-34. Epub 2023 Nov 1 doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000989. PMID: 37916482
Cryoglobulinaemia.
Roccatello D, Saadoun D, Ramos-Casals M, Tzioufas AG, Fervenza FC, Cacoub P, Zignego AL, Ferri C
Nat Rev Dis Primers 2018 Aug 2;4(1):11. doi: 10.1038/s41572-018-0009-4. PMID: 30072738
Cryoglobulinemia Vasculitis.
Cacoub P, Comarmond C, Domont F, Savey L, Saadoun D
Am J Med 2015 Sep;128(9):950-5. Epub 2015 Mar 30 doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.02.017. PMID: 25837517
The cryoglobulinaemias.
Ramos-Casals M, Stone JH, Cid MC, Bosch X
Lancet 2012 Jan 28;379(9813):348-60. Epub 2011 Aug 23 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60242-0. PMID: 21868085

Clinical prediction guides

Management of mixed cryoglobulinemia with rituximab: evidence and consensus-based recommendations from the Italian Study Group of Cryoglobulinemia (GISC).
Quartuccio L, Bortoluzzi A, Scirè CA, Marangoni A, Del Frate G, Treppo E, Castelnovo L, Saccardo F, Zani R, Candela M, Fraticelli P, Mazzaro C, Renoldi P, Scaini P, Filippini DA, Visentini M, Scarpato S, Giuggioli D, Mascia MT, Sebastiani M, Zignego AL, Lauletta G, Fiorilli M, Casato M, Ferri C, Pietrogrande M, Pioltelli PE, De Vita S, Monti G, Galli M
Clin Rheumatol 2023 Feb;42(2):359-370. Epub 2022 Sep 28 doi: 10.1007/s10067-022-06391-w. PMID: 36169798Free PMC Article
Cryofibrinogenemia: What Rheumatologists Should Know.
Santiago MB, Melo BS
Curr Rheumatol Rev 2022;18(3):186-194. doi: 10.2174/1573397118666220325110737. PMID: 35339184
Cryoglobulinemic disease.
Retamozo S, Brito-Zerón P, Bosch X, Stone JH, Ramos-Casals M
Oncology (Williston Park) 2013 Nov;27(11):1098-1105, 1110-6. PMID: 24575538
Infections in vasculitis.
Guillevin L
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2013 Feb;27(1):19-31. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2013.01.004. PMID: 23507054
Cryoglobulinemia vasculitis.
Cacoub P, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Lidove O, Alric L
Curr Opin Rheumatol 2002 Jan;14(1):29-35. doi: 10.1097/00002281-200201000-00006. PMID: 11790993

Recent systematic reviews

Regulatory T cells and systemic vasculitis.
Mirouse A, Cacoub P, Saadoun D
Curr Opin Rheumatol 2023 Jan 1;35(1):25-30. Epub 2022 Oct 20 doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000915. PMID: 36508306
Management of mixed cryoglobulinemia with rituximab: evidence and consensus-based recommendations from the Italian Study Group of Cryoglobulinemia (GISC).
Quartuccio L, Bortoluzzi A, Scirè CA, Marangoni A, Del Frate G, Treppo E, Castelnovo L, Saccardo F, Zani R, Candela M, Fraticelli P, Mazzaro C, Renoldi P, Scaini P, Filippini DA, Visentini M, Scarpato S, Giuggioli D, Mascia MT, Sebastiani M, Zignego AL, Lauletta G, Fiorilli M, Casato M, Ferri C, Pietrogrande M, Pioltelli PE, De Vita S, Monti G, Galli M
Clin Rheumatol 2023 Feb;42(2):359-370. Epub 2022 Sep 28 doi: 10.1007/s10067-022-06391-w. PMID: 36169798Free PMC Article
Systematic Review of Safety and Efficacy of Rituximab in Treating Immune-Mediated Disorders.
Kaegi C, Wuest B, Schreiner J, Steiner UC, Vultaggio A, Matucci A, Crowley C, Boyman O
Front Immunol 2019;10:1990. Epub 2019 Sep 6 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01990. PMID: 31555262Free PMC Article
Efficacy and safety of Rituximab in vasculitic neuropathy: a systematic review of the literature.
Mena-Vázquez N, Cabezudo-García P, Fuego Varela C, Manrique-Arija S, Fernandez-Nebro A
Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed) 2019 May-Jun;15(3):173-178. Epub 2019 Jan 25 doi: 10.1016/j.reuma.2018.10.007. PMID: 30691946
Biologic therapy in ANCA-negative vasculitis.
Loricera J, Blanco R, Hernández JL, Pina T, González-Vela MC, González-Gay MA
Int Immunopharmacol 2015 Aug;27(2):213-9. Epub 2015 Mar 28 doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.03.020. PMID: 25828585

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Reviews

    Related information

    • MeSH
      Related Medical Subject Headings
    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...